Biology and Fisheries of Clarias gariepinus in Nigerian Inland Waters: Review

Abstract

In response to escalating global hunger and poverty rates, aquaculture emerges as a vital avenue for bolstering food production. This review delves into the biology and fisheries of Clarias gariepinus, a significant freshwater air-breathing catfish species native to Africa and widely cultivated across the continent. Despite its popularity in aquaculture, challenges persist in consistent seed production due to low larval survival rates, particularly in the early stages. Various studies have explored larval development, behavior, and physiology, crucial for enhancing seed quality and subsequent adult fish production. Aquaculture, including the farming of C. gariepinus, has become pivotal in meeting the escalating demand for fish protein. The species' adaptability to diverse environmental conditions, high fecundity rate, and tolerance to high-density farming contribute to its significance in aquaculture. Widely distributed across Africa and parts of Asia, C. gariepinus inhabits calm lakes, rivers, and swamps, especially those subject to seasonal flooding. Understanding its biology and fisheries is imperative for sustainable aquaculture practices and meeting the growing global demand for fish.